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Practical Holography, 3rd Edition
by Graham Saxby
IOP Publishing, 2003 ISBN 0 7503 0912 1
482 pages
$109.00
Compare to publisher's list price of $119.95
| Below is the complete table of contents of PRACTICAL HOLOGRAPHY. Without reservation, we highly recommend this comprehensive book to teachers and holography enthusiasts. This new edition of PRACTICAL HOLOGRAPHY is now available on Integraf's online catalog. |
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Table of Contents
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Foreword to first edition
Preface to third edition
Preface to second edition
From the preface to first edition
PART 1: PRINCIPLES OF HOLOGRAPHY
Chapter 1: What is a hologram? Stereoscopy Defining the problem The problem solved Interference An experiment with interference fringes Diffraction Amplitude and phase gratings
Chapter 2: How holography began References
Chapter 3: Light sources for holography Light as an electromagnetic phenomenon Propagation of electromagnetic waves Oscillators Properties of light beams Atoms and energy Stimulated emission The three-level solid-state laser Q-switching Four-level gas lasers Mirrors and windows in CW lasers Ion lasers Tunable lasers Semiconductor (diode) lasers Diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) lasers Pseudowhite lasers Warning notices Avoiding accidents Protective eyewear Pulse laser The laser itself Further reading
Chapter 4: The basic types of hologram Laser transmission holograms Replaying the image The real image Reflection holograms Phase holograms Image-plane holograms White-light transmission holograms Other types of hologram Color holography Embossed holograms
Chapter 5: Materials, exposure and processing The silver halide process Technical requirements for holographic materials Constituents of a developer Bleaches Other processes
PART 2: PRACTICAL DISPLAY HOLOGRAPHY
Chapter 6: Making your first hologram Basic requirements The laser A beam expander Support for the laser Support for the plate Setting up for the exposure Setup with a small diode laser An alternative setup for a larger laser Processing solutions Exposing Processing Viewing the image A one-step real image Displaying your hologram What went wrong? Suppliers of holographic materials Further reading
Chapter 7: Single-beam techniques 1 Single-beam holograms of unstable subject matter Building a single-beam frame A rear-surface mirror system without double reflections The laser Triangular benches Spatial filtering Setting up with a spatial filter Making an electrically operated shutter Safelights Index-matching fluid Exposing and processing Getting the exposure right Multi-exposure techniques
Chapter 8: Single-beam techniques 2 The transfer principle Making a reflection master hologram Transmission transfer holograms 360o holograms Further applications of single-beam holograms Mounting and finishing holograms Troubleshooting
Chapter 9: Bypass holograms Transmission master holograms Reflection master holograms Reflection transfer holograms Full-aperture transmission transfer holograms Rainbow holograms Reflection holograms from transmission masters Transflection holograms Other configurations References
Chapter 10: Building a holographic laboratory Laboratory space The optical table Building a sand table Supporting the optical components Building a concrete table Metal tables Table supports Bases for optical components Excluding drafts Mounting the laser A gantry for overhead equipment Cantilevers Draft excluder Processing area Storeroom Display area References
Chapter 11: Master holograms on a table Beamsplitters Other types of beamsplitter Illuminating the subject Collimating mountings Plate holder Collimating mirror How stable is your table Basic configuration for transmission master holograms What went wrong? Backlighting and background illumination Silhouettes and black holes Supine subjects Frontal illumination Multiple-exposure techniques Masters for rainbow holograms Reflection master holograms Working with plates Cutting glass Processing plates Optical fiber systems for holography Multimode fibers Single-mode fibers Launching the beam Making holograms with fiber optics Connecting fiber ends Further reading
Chapter 12: Transfer reflection holograms Parallax in transfer holograms Reflection transfer holograms from transmission masters How to deal with weak master images Side and underneath beam master transfers The role of the Bragg condition Two-channel transfer holograms Holograms of stereoscopic pairs of photographs Multi-channel images Converging reference beams Pellicular collimating mirrors Copying holograms Copies by scanning What went wrong?
Chapter 13: Transfer transmission holograms Full-aperture transfer holograms Rainbow holograms Geometry of a rainbow hologram Slit width A one-dimensional beam expander A convergent reference beam Multi-channel rainbow holograms What went wrong? Edge-lit holograms
Chapter 14: Holograms including focusing optics Demagnifying and magnifying Image enlargement and reduction Focused-image holograms Focused-image reflection holograms One-step rainbow holograms Synthetic-slit holograms Fourier-transform holograms References
Chapter 15: Homemade optical elements Liquid-filled lenses One-dimensional collimators What to do in case of leaks Other sizes and focal lengths Calculations for designing a liquid-filled lens Two-dimensional collimating lenses Measurements for a collimating lens Focusing lenses Holographic optical elements (HOES) Calculation of focal length Holographic diffraction gratings Holographic lenses Making holographic mirrors and beamsplitters Holographic collimating mirrors Aberrations of HOEs Multi-beam HOEs A more uniform laser beam References
Chapter 16: Portraiture and pulse laser holography Construction of a ruby laser Safety considerations Maintenance of pulse lasers Other types of pulse laser Setting up a pulse laser studio Special problems with holographic portraiture Lighting for portraiture Exposure Processing Other subject matter Double and multiple pulses References
Chapter 17: Holography in natural colors The eye and color perception The CIE chromaticity diagram Color transmission holograms Denisyuk holograms in color Transfer holograms in color Portraiture in color The problem of color accuracy The future of color holography References
Chapter 18: Achromatic and pseudocolor holograms Achromatic white-light transmission holograms Dispersion compensation The achromatic angle for transmission masters Achromatic reflection holograms Pseudocolor holograms Pseudocolor single-beam reflection holograms Pseudocolor transfer reflection holograms Accurate color registration by geometry How to obtain precise registration Pseudocolor white-light transmission holograms Obtaining better registration One-step pseudocolor WLT holograms References
Chapter 19: Holographic stereograms The multiplexing principle Making a multiplexed hologram Cylindrical stereograms Making a Cross hologram Flat image-plane stereograms The scope of modern stereographic imagery Geometrier for photographic originations Perspective and distortion Wide-angle distortion Alignment and spacing of the photographs Long base stereograms Registration Computer control of imagery Basic considerations for a stereographic holoprinter Exposing Stereogram masters from photographic prints Preventing dropouts Computer image processing Achromatic and color stereograms Transferring achromatic stereograms Full-color stereograms Full-color WLT transfer stereograms Full-color reflection transfer stereograms Color balance Color accuracy: WLT or reflection? Calculating distances Stereograms with full parallax Perspective correction by pre-distortion Conical stereograms Volume multiplexed holograms References
Chapter 20: Non-silver processes for holography Dichromated gelatin (DCG) Rendering DCG sensitive to red light Coating plates Exposing Processing Sealing the hologram Color control Silver halide sensitized gelatin (SHSG) Photopolymers Photothermoplastics Photoresists Photochromic materials Bacteriorhodopsin Photorefractive crystals References
Chapter 21: Embossed holograms The initial artwork Holographic recording Making the photoresist master Depositing the conductive layer The first-generation master Electroforming of final shims The embossing process Further reading References
Chapter 22: Display techniques Basic types of hologram and their display
Displaying holograms at home Window displays Displays to accompany lectures and presentations Submitting holograms for exhibitions Packing a hologram for forwarding to an exhibition Organizing an exhibition of holograms Lighting arrangements Light sources Installing the exhibits Floor plan Relevant information Environment Photographing holograms Equipment Reflection holograms Transmission holograms Viewpoint and parallax Unusual holograms Photographing holograms at exhibitions Using flash
Presenting slides of holograms Copyright References
PART 3: APPLIED HOLOGRAPHY
Chapter 23: Holography and measurement Direct measurements using holography The principle of holographic interferometry Real-time interferometry Double-exposure interferometry Time-average interferometry Strobed interferometry Visualization of fluid flows Doubled illuminating beams A camera for holographic interferometry Sandwich holography Reference mirror rotation Fringe measurement Speckle interferometry Holographic contouring Summary of applications Further reading References
Chapter 24: Data storage and diffractive elements Why holographic data storage? Data processing Spatial filtering with Fourier-transform holograms Fourier-transform holograms: the principles Image de-blurring Correlation filtering Computer-generated holograms (CGHs) Applications of Fourier-transform CGHs Strategies for making CGHs CGHs with a personal computer Diffractive optical elements Basic types of DOE Fabrication of DOES Applications of DOES Further reading References
Chapter 25: Holography in biology and medicine
Dental holography Histology and pathology Ophthalmic holography Multiplexed holograms Holograms and diagnostics References
Chapter 26: Holographic motion pictures and video Making the image move Real-time holography Holographic movies Holographic video and television References
Chapter 27: Other applications of holography Far-field holography Holomicrography Microwave holography Infrared holography Ultraviolet holography X-ray holography Electron holography Acoustic holography Light-in-flight holography Polarization holography Conoscopic holography Pseudodeep holograms Digital holography Conclusion References
Appendix 1: The mathematical background to holography Formation of a hologram Reconstruction of the image Traveling and standing waves Bragg diffraction Effects of shrinkage during processing Modulation and contrast
Appendix 2: The Fourier approach to image formation Fourier series Fourier transform Reciprocal relationship of x-space and frequency space The Fourier convolution theorem Two-dimensional objects Further reading
Appendix 3: Geometrier for creative holography Designing a setup for a white-light transmission hologram Worksheet for multicolor WLT holograms Multicolor layouts designed by geometry Locating the hinge point and illumination axis Multicolor WLT hologram geometry Multicolor reflection hologram geometry References
Appendix 4: Fringe stabilization Error detector Expanding the fringes Comparator and amplifier Transducer
Appendix 5: Processing formulas Developers for silver halide emulsions Developers for transmission holograms Developer for true-color holograms The pyrochrome process Image color control Solution-physical developers Rehalogenating bleaches Haze removal Oxidized developing agents as bleaches Pre- and post-swelling Silver halide sensitized gelatin processing Preparation of red-sensitive DCG emulsion Making your own holographic emulsion Electroplating formulas References
Index
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